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| comparative embryology ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
comparative embryology
Comparative embryology is the branch of embryology that compares and contrasts embryos of different species. It is used to show how all animals are related. Many things are compared (such as whether or not the organism has a notochord or gill arches). Many components go into comparative embryology, and much information about the developmental similarities between species can be taken from its study, from which many conclusions can be drawn.
==History==
The first known person to study embryos was Aristotle. He observed different embryos and studied how different animals, who develop in different ways—by egg (oviparously) or by live birth (viviparously)—develop differently. He discovered that there were two main ways that the egg cell divides: holoblastic, where the whole egg divides and becomes the creature, and meroblastic, where only part of the egg becomes the creature. This was the furthest comparative embryology came until the invention of the microscope. After Aristotle, many people from Ernst Haeckel to Charles Darwin have contributed to the field of comparative embryology. They all noted how different embryos change during development.
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